1、 Composition of equipment infrastructure
The hammer crusher belongs to the impact crushing equipment, which is composed of a frame, transmission components, rotor assembly, crushing chamber lining plate, bottom sieve plate, feeding port and other components. The rotor is the core operating component, including the main shaft, hammer disc, pin shaft, and multiple sets of hammer heads. The hammer heads are made of wear-resistant alloy material and suspended by the pin shaft. During operation, they can expand with centrifugal force and can slightly retreat when encountering unbreakable hard objects, reducing the probability of damage to the machine body.
The rack is made of thickened steel plates welded together, with a compact overall structure and sufficient operating space reserved for disassembly and maintenance; The bottom sieve plate can be replaced with different aperture specifications as needed to adjust the particle size of the discharged material. The entire set of components has clear division of labor, and each module is easy to disassemble and replace separately, reducing the threshold for later maintenance.
2、 Basic crushing operation principle
The equipment relies on a motor to provide power, which drives the main shaft and rotor to rotate continuously through a pulley and coupling. The material is evenly fed into the crushing chamber from the upper feeding port. The high-speed hammer continuously impacts the block shaped raw material, causing it to shatter along its own cracks. During the splashing process, the material collides with the lining plate inside the chamber, completing a secondary crushing; The collision and friction between materials further refine the particles.
The material with a particle size that meets the pore standard of the sieve plate will be discharged from the bottom gap, while the material with a larger size will stay in the crushing chamber and continue to be hit and ground by a hammer until it meets the discharge requirements. The entire process relies on physical impact to complete crushing, without the need for multiple extrusion structures, and the process flow is simple. The equipment is suitable for processing dry materials with low moisture content. If the moisture content of the material is too high, it is easy to cause clogging of the sieve plate.
3、 Adapt materials and application scenarios
This device is more suitable for medium hardness and brittle raw materials, and the compressive strength of the materials should not exceed 100MPa. Common processing materials include limestone, coal, gypsum, shale, coal gangue, and construction waste brick and tile fragments.
The application covers multiple physical industries: in the field of building materials, it is used for pre-treatment of cement raw materials and sand and gravel aggregates; Used in the mining industry for fine crushing of coal and gypsum minerals; The chemical industry processes salt and chalk raw materials; Broken construction waste and waste asbestos building materials in the field of solid waste recycling; Small production lines can also be used for crushing crop straw and lightweight fiber materials.
The equipment is divided into two types: fixed and mobile. The single rotor model is mostly used for small and medium-sized production lines, while the double rotor model is suitable for high-capacity continuous processing scenarios and can be selected according to the production capacity requirements of the site.
4、 Equipment usage related characteristics
From a practical perspective, the overall weight of the device is moderate, and installation does not require complex fixed bases. The startup and debugging process is simple, and beginners can complete daily operations after basic training. The crushing ratio range of the whole machine is moderate, the distribution of discharged particles is uniform, and the power consumption per unit of material is stable under similar working conditions.
The replacement of vulnerable parts is convenient, and the hammer head can be turned back to continue use after wear. The disassembly and assembly of screen plates and lining plates do not require large tooling tools, shortening the downtime for maintenance. At the same time, there are limitations to the applicability of the equipment. When processing high hardness ores and high viscosity wet materials, the rate of wear and tear of vulnerable parts will be increased. Such working conditions can be used in conjunction with other crushing equipment.
5、 Key points for daily maintenance and safe operation
Stable maintenance can extend the service life of equipment. Before daily start-up, it is necessary to check the fastening status of the hammer head, whether the sieve plate is damaged, the tightness of the transmission belt, and clean the residual clumped materials in the crushing chamber to avoid jamming during no-load start-up. During operation, pay attention to abnormal noise and vibration amplitude of the machine body. If any abnormalities occur, stop the machine for troubleshooting. It is prohibited to continue operating the equipment with faults.
Regularly add lubricating oil to the spindle bearings, develop periodic maintenance plans based on the hardness of the processed materials, and promptly replace severely worn hammer heads and liners. It is forbidden to send metal debris into the crushing chamber during homework to prevent deformation of components caused by hard object impact; During the operation of the equipment, personnel are not allowed to approach the feeding and discharging ports. Basic safety protection measures must be taken to ensure stable production operations.
